Valveless apparatus comprising pistons having an alternating rectilinear motion for drawing and delivering fluids.



u. STEVEN. VALVELESS APPARATUS COMPRISING PISTONS HAVING AN ALTERNATING RECTILINEAR MOTION FOR DRAWING AND DELIVERING FLUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED APR-25, ISIS.-

1,262, 1 3G, Patented Apr. 9, 1918.

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HENRI STEVEN, OF MONTEFURADO, SPAIN.

VALVELESS APPARATUS COMPRISING PISTONS HAVING AN ALTERNATING RECTI- LINEAR MOTION FOR DRAWING AND DELIVERING FLUIDS.

Application filed April 25, 1916.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRI STEVEN, a subject of the King of Spain, residing in Montefurado, in the Province of Lugo in Spain, have invented certain new and useful 1mprovements in Valveless Apparatus Comprising Pistons Having an Alternating Rectilinear Motion for Drawing and Delivering Fluids, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to valveless pumps, compressors or the like for fluids and gases of the type comprising a pair of communicating twin cylinders in which work a plurality of connected pistons which form separated piston chambers both cooperating with ports in the cylinders in such a way that suction and delivery, eflected by the end pistons in each cylinder are controlled in either cylinder by the intermediate distributing pistons of the respectively opposite cylinder.

As hitherto proposed the inlet and outlet respectively are arranged on the side of one cylinder and the fluid passing in and out from the far cylinder has to pass through spaces formed by the intermediate pistons on the near cylinder. Each piston has a central orifice and the two multiple pistons in their travel double by half a stroke.

The object of the present invention which is applicable to pumps, compressors, meters or the like is to overcome the above disadvantage and it consists in placing the inlet and outlet in between the two cylinders and in so arranging the connection to the two cylinders that a central orifice in each cylininder is not only in permanentcommunication with the central piston chamber but is also in permanent communication with piston chambers above and below the central piston chamber in the respectively opposite cylinder so that the intermediate pistons may eflectively distribute the fluid.

An embodiment of this invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying diagrammatic drawing. F or the understanding of the operation the improved apparatus will be described on the assumption that it is worked as a pump.

As shown in the example, 1, 2 and 3 are the admission and delivery ports for the upper part of the cylinders A A. 4, 5 and 6 are the admission and delivery ports for the lower part of the cylinders A A.

Patented Apr. 9, 1918.

Serial No. 93,484.

d 7 is the suction duct and 8 is the delivery uct. Y

9 is the central orifice of the cylinder A communicating through the duct 7 with the orifices 10 and 11 of the cylinder A.

12, 13 and 14 are a second set of admission and delivery orifices for the upper part of the cylinders A A. 15, 16 and 17 for the lower part of the cylinders A A", and

18 is the central orifice of the cylinder A communicating through the duct 8 with the orifices 19 and 20 of the cylinder A.

As indicated by the arrows, the admission is through port 29 in the duct 7 and not through the port 30, because it is assumed that the shaft S is rotating in the direction of the arrow. However, it the crank shaft were rotating in the opposite direction, the admission would take place in the reverse Way namely through the duct 8, and the fluid would enter through the port 30, while the delivery would take place through the duct 7 and the fluid pass out through the port 29.

' In each cylinder there works a piston composed of superposed disks spaced apart from one another; all these disks are fixed to one another.

Only one piston, namely the piston of the cylinder A, will be described, since the two pistons are similar to each other as regards form and operation.

The piston is composed of four disks 21, 22, 23 and 2A, fixed together by the rod N.

The disks 21 and 2 1 are those which actually act as the piston, while the disks 22 and 23 act as shut-ofi and distributing devices.

The disk 22, in the position shown in the drawing, is located below the orifice 14, and consequently the latter is uncovered and communicates with the orifice 10 through the piston chamber constituted by the space comprised between the disks 21 and 22. The fluid can therefore enter through the duct 7 and, passing through the duct 13 and the orifice 12, it enters the upper part of the cylinder A wherein suction is produced by the descent of the piston B. \Vhen the piston B, continuing to ascend, as indicated by its arrow, arrives at the middle of its stroke, the disk 22 will cover the orifice 14, and, as the piston continues its ascent, the lower part of the disk 22 will uncover the orifice 1 1, whereby the latter orifice will be placed in communication with the central chamber of the piston B (this chamber being comprised between its disks 22 and 23). When the piston B is in this position, the crank S has moved beyond its bottom dead center. The corresponding piston B moves in the opposite direction to that of the arrow of this piston. The fluid which up to this moment has been sucked in by the disk 25, is new forced out by the latter through the orifices and ducts 12, 13 and 14. The fiuid then passes between the disks 22 and 23 (that is to say, through the central chamber of the piston), and enters through the orifice 18 into the duct 8, whence it passes out through the port 30'.

The pistons have therefore to perform two simultaneous functions: (1) the fL1IlC- tions performed by their ends which act as pistons, and (2 the functions performed by the intermediate disks which act as distributors, the whole structure forming one entity fixed on the piston rod. The spaces comprised between the disks, three in number, serve to establish communication between the orifices. These spaces may have suitable forms according as it is a question of acting upon liquids or gases, and the whole structure may be made in one or more pieces of any shape, but such that there will be three cavities for establishing communications, and two projecting parts acting as the distributing device.

The mechanisms that serve to move the pistons may be constructed to suit the circumstances of each particular case. The pistons may also be driven by means of other pistons moving in similar cylinders, by coupling them by means of rods. In these said other cylinders steam, for instance, may be employed as the direct driving means.

The four disks that constitute the entity whereby suction and delivery effected by the 7 end pistons are controlled in either cylinder by the intermediate distributing piston of the respective opposite cylinder,a main outlet and a main inlet placed in between the two cylinders, a central orifice in each cylinder, and connections to the 'two cylinders such that the said central orifice is not only in permanent communication with the central piston chamber, but is also in permanent communication with the piston chambers above and below the central piston chamber in the respective opposite cylinder.

:2. A valveless pump, compressor or the like-comprising in combination a pair of communicating twin cylinders, a compound piston in each forming three separate chambers, an orifice midway in the'length of each cylinder, and in permanent communication with the central piston chamber, two orifices communicating permanently with each of the end chambers of the piston, two distributing ports located one on each side of the said central orifice, these orifices communicating with the ends of the respective opposite cylinder and a main outlet and a main inlet placed in between the two cylinders.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

H. STEVEN.

Cepies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the fiommissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0. 

